A dominant allele is one whose physiological function-such as making hair blonde-occurs even when only a single copy is present (among the two copies of each gene that everyone inherits from their parents). Differing alleles, which can be found at the same spot on a chromosome, produce variation in inherited characteristics such as hair color or blood type. The release of adrenaline causes a number of changes throughout the body, including the metabolism of carbohydrates to supply the body’s energy demands and increased arousal or alertness.Īllele: One of two or more varying forms of a gene due to genetic mutation. They receive signals from the brain and secrete several different hormones in response, including cortisol and adrenaline.Īdrenaline: Also called epinephrine, this hormone is secreted by the adrenal glands in response to stress and other challenges to the body. It is associated with neurons passing electrochemical messages down the axon, releasing neurotransmitters to neighboring cells in the synapse.Īdmissibility: (legal sense) Evidence that is considered to be acceptable or valid for use in legal proceedings.Īddiction: Now commonly called substance use disorder, addiction is a mental health condition where a person’s progressive and chronic use of drugs or alcohol leads to issues with personal relationships, the ability to work, and one’s physical health.Īdrenal glands: Located on top of each kidney, these two glands are involved in the body’s response to stress and help regulate growth, blood glucose levels, and the body’s metabolic rate.

Action potential: Sometimes called a “spike” or described as a neuron “firing,” an action potential occurs when there is a significant increase in the electrical activity along the membrane of a nerve cell.

Neurons firing in the brain